Waxa loogu yeero "Saddex Musketeers" ee baabuurta tamarta cusub waxay tilmaamayaan saddex nooc oo koronto oo kala duwan: unugga shidaalka, awoodda isku-dhafka ah iyo koronto saafi ah.Tan iyo bilawgii sanadkan, qaabka korantada saafiga ah "Tesla" ayaa adduunka ku dhufatay.Isku-dhafka summada guryaha ee iskiis u leh sida BYD [-0.54% Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Sanduuqa] "Qin" ayaa sidoo kale kor u kacaysa.Waxay u muuqataa in ka mid ah "Saddexda Musketeers", Unugyada shidaalka oo kaliya ayaa si fiican u yareeyey.Bandhigga Baabuurta ee Beijing oo hadda la qabto, tiro ka mid ah moodooyinka unugyada shidaalka ee cusub ayaa noqday "xiddigaha" bandhigga.Xaaladdan ayaa dadka xasuusinaysa in suuq-geynta baabuurta shidaalka ay si tartiib tartiib ah u soo dhowaanayso.Fikradda unugyada shidaalka ee suuqa A-share inta badan waxaa ka mid ah SAIC Motor [-0.07% Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Sanduuqa] (600104), kaas oo horumarinaya baabuurta unugyada shidaalka;Shirkadaha saamiga ee shirkadaha unugyada shidaalka, sida Jiangsu Sunshine, saamiga ugu weyn ee Shenli Technology [-0.94% Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Maalgelinta] (600220) iyo Great Wall Electric [-0.64% Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Maalgelinta] (600192), kuwaas oo saamiyo ku leh Xinyuan Awoodda, iyo Narada Power [-0.71% Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Maalgelinta] (300068);iyo sidoo kale shirkadaha kale ee la xidhiidha silsiladaha warshadaha, sida Huachang Chemical [-0.90% Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Maalgelinta] (002274), kaas oo ku lug leh dhimista wakiilka "sodium borohydride", iyo Kemet Gas [0.46% Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Maalgelinta] (002549), kaas oo leh awoodaha sahayda hydrogen.Unugga shidaalka runtii waa falcelinta kiimikaad ee biyaha korantada.Hydrogen iyo oksijiin ayaa soo saara biyaha si ay u soo saaraan koronto.Aragti ahaan, unugyada shidaalka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa meel kasta oo koronto laga isticmaalo."Wareysi lala yeeshay wariye ka socda Securities Times, ku xigeenka Shenli Technology Maareeye ku xigeenka Zhang Ruogu ayaa ku bilaabay tan.Waxaa la fahamsan yahay in jihada ugu weyn ee shirkadu ay tahay cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta iyo warshadeynta hydrogen proton ee unugyada shidaalka xuubka iyo teknoolojiyadda kale, oo ku lug leh noocyo kala duwan oo alaabooyinka unugyada shidaalka ujeedooyin kala duwan.Jiangsu Sunshine iyo Fosun Pharma [-0.69% Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Sanduuqa] siday u kala horreeyaan waxay hayaan 31% iyo 5% danaha sinnaanta.Inkasta oo ay jiraan goobo badan oo lagu dabaqi karo, codsiga ganacsiga ee unugyada shidaalka gudaha ma fududa.Marka laga reebo soosaarayaasha baabuurta ee u heellan horumarinta fikradda baabuurta unugyada shidaalka, horumarinta unugyada shidaalka ee qaybaha kale ayaa weli ah mid gaabis ah.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, arrimo ay ka mid yihiin qiimaha sarreeya iyo tirada yar ee xarumaha shidaalka hydrogen, la'aanta qaybo ka mid ah, iyo ku adkaanta in la soo koobo muunado shisheeye ayaa weli ah sababaha ugu muhiimsan ee unugyada shidaalku ay adag tahay in laga ganacsado suuqa Shiinaha.Baabuurta unugyada shidaalka ayaa dhawaan imanaya Bandhiga Baabuurta ee Beijing, Kooxda SAIC ee dhowaan la sii daayey Roewe 950 sedan unug shidaal ku xidhan ayaa soo jiitay dareen aad u badan.Jidhka baraf-caddaan ee la hagaajiyay iyo daboolka qaybta mishiinka ee ka samaysan walxaha hufan ayaa si buuxda u muujinaya nidaamka awoodda gudaha ee baabuurka, soo jiidashada daawadayaal badan.Arrinta ugu weyn ee gaadhigan cusubi muujinayso ayaa ah in uu ku rakiban yahay laba awood oo isugu jira baytari iyo unug shidaal.Inta badan waa unugga shidaalka hydrogen waxaana lagu kabo baytari.Bateriga waxaa lagu dallaci karaa nidaamka koronto ee magaalada.Waxaa la soo wariyay in SAIC Motor laga yaabo inay ku guuleysato wax soo saarka mugga yar ee baabuurta unugyada shidaalka ee 2015. Guud ahaan, awoodda isku-dhafka ah ee baabuurta tamarta cusub waxaa loola jeedaa isku dhafka awoodda gubashada gudaha iyo awoodda korantada, iyo qaadashada SAIC ee unugyada shidaalka + habka korantada waa isku day kale oo cusub.Sida laga soo xigtay Gan Fen, oo ah maareeyaha guud ee Waaxda Tiknoolajiyada Cusub ee Tamarta Cusub ee SAIC Motor, nashqadani waxay ku salaysan tahay xaqiiqda ah in marka gaariga unugyada shidaalka uu dardargeliyo, wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu isticmaalo unugyada shidaalka culeys buuxa iyo isticmaalka tamarta buuxda.Awoodda loo baahan yahay aad bay u weyn tahay, kharashkuna waa sarreeyaa, cimriguna waa la dhimi doonaa..Baabuurta unugyada shidaalka ku xidhani waxay hubin karaan kharashyada hoose, laakiin sababta oo ah waxay ku qalabaysan yihiin laba nidaam, qiimuhu wali wuu ka sarreeyaa baabuurta caadiga ah ee korontada.Intaa waxaa dheer, Toyota waxay sidoo kale soo bandhigtay gaadhi fikradeed FCV ah oo ku qalabaysan unug shidaal hydrogen ah bandhiga auto.Waxa la fahamsan yahay in Toyota ay qorshaynayso in ay Japan,Maraykanka iyo Yurub ka bilowdo sanadkan 2015 qayb ka mid ah xadhkaha shidaalka qaada,waxana ay rajaynaysaa in iibka sanadlaha ah ee modelkan uu kor u dhaafo 10,000 oo unug marka la gaadho 2020, xaga kharashka, Toyota waxa ay sheegtay in horumarka tignoolajiyada awgeed, qiimaha baabuurkan ayaa la dhimay ilaa 95% marka la barbar dhigo prototypes hore.Intaa waxa dheer, Honda waxa ay qorshaynaysaa in ay soo saarto gaadhi unug shidaal ah oo gaadhaaya ilaa 500 oo kilomitir sanadka 2015-ka, iyada oo yoolka iibka ah lagu iibinayo 5,000 oo unug shan sano gudahood;BMW waxa kale oo ay ka go'an tahay cilmi-baadhista iyo horumarinta baabuurta unugyada shidaalka;Shirkadda Hyundai ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed ayaa sidoo kale soo saartay nooc cusub oo unug shidaal ah.Waxaa horeyba u jiray qorshooyin wax-soo-saar ballaaran;Gawaarida Mercedes-Benz waxay qorsheyneysaa inay soo saarto baabuur cusub oo hydrogen ah oo shidaal ah sanadka 2017. Marka la eego natiijooyinka cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta iyo qorshooyinka wax-soo-saarka ballaaran ee shirkadahan baabuurta, 2015 waxay noqon kartaa sanadka ugu horreeya ee suuq-geynta unugyada shidaalka iyo baabuurta tamarta hydrogen.La'aanta tas-hiilaadka taageerada waa caqabad "Dhab ahaantii, baabuurtu waa waddo aad u adag oo lagu warshadeeyo unugyada shidaalka."Zhang Ruogu ayaa u sheegay warfidiyeenka, “Dhinaca kale, baabuurtu waxay leeyihiin shuruudo farsamo oo aad u sarreeya oo loogu talagalay unugyada shidaalka, kuwaas oo u baahan inay noqdaan kuwo yar, waxqabad ahaan, oo degdeg ah jawaabta.Dhanka kale, waa in la dhisaa saldhigyo lagu taageerayo shidaalka hydrogen, sidoo kale wadamada shisheeye ayaa lacag badan galiyay arrintan”.Arrintan, khabiir ka socda Hay’adda Caalamiga ah ee Tamarta Haydaroojin ayaa sheegay in kaalimaha Shidaalka Haydarojiin ay yihiin goobta ugu weyn ee lagu horumarinayo baabuurta unugyada shidaalka.caqabadaha.Sida tas-hiilaadka taageerada lagama maarmaanka ah, qaybinta saldhigyada shidaal-celinta hydrogen waxay go'aamisaa in baabuurta unugyada shidaalka la isticmaali karo ka dib marka la soo saaro.Xogtu waxay muujinaysaa in dhamaadkii 2013, tirada saldhigyada haydaroojin ee laga isticmaalo adduunka oo dhan ay gaadheen 208, in ka badan boqol kalena la diyaarinayo.Saldhigyada hydrogenation-ka waxaa inta badan loo qaybiyaa gobollo leh qaab-dhismeedka shabakadda hydrogenation-ka hore sida Yurub, Mareykanka, iyo Japan.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Shiinuhu waa dib-u-dhac yar, oo leh hal xarun oo hydrogenation ah mid kasta oo ku taal Beijing iyo Shanghai.Mr. Ji oo ka socda Waaxda Ganacsiga ee Xinyuan Power ayaa aaminsan in 2015 ay u arkaan warshadaha sida sanadka ugu horreeya ee suuq-geynta baabuurta unugyada shidaalka, taas oo aan la xiriirin xaqiiqda ah in tiro cayiman oo ah saldhigyada shidaal ee hydrogen laga dhisay dibadda.Xinyuan Power waa shirkaddii ugu horreysay ee wadaagga shidaalka ee Shiinaha, oo ay ka go'an tahay cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta unugyada shidaalka baabuurta, waxayna marar badan siisay nidaamyada korontada ee SAIC Group baabuurta unugyada shidaalka.Shirkaddu waxay sheegtay in diiradda la saarayo baabuurta ee codsiyada unugyada shidaalka ay tahay, dhinaca kale, sababtoo ah warshadaha baabuurta ee dalkaygu waa mid ballaaran oo si xawli ah u koraya, una baahan baahida degdega ah ee tiknoolajiyada tamarta cusub;dhanka kale, tignoolajiyada ayaa qaan gaadhay waxaana lagu dabaqi karaa unugyada shidaalka.Ka ganacsiga baabuurta.Intaa waxaa dheer, weriyuhu wuxuu ogaaday in marka lagu daro taageerada xarumaha hydrogenation, la'aanta qaybaha taageerada ee looga baahan yahay unugyada shidaalka ayaa sidoo kale ka mid ah caqabadaha.Laba shirkadood oo ka mid ah kuwa shidaalka ayaa xaqiijiyey in aanay weli dhamaystirmin qaybta sare iyo hoose ee silsiladda warshadaha unugyada shidaalka, iyo qaybo gaar ah oo ay adag tahay in la helo, taas oo sidoo kale ka dhigaysa ganacsigii unugyada shidaalka mid aad u adag.Dhibaatadan weli si buuxda looma xalin dibadda.Marka la eego kharashka, shirkado badan ayaa sheegay in maadaama dhammaan qaybaha aan la iibin, way adagtahay in laga hadlo qiimaha unugyada shidaalka ee Shiinaha.Mustaqbalka, miisaanka wax soo saarku wuxuu keeni doonaa qol weyn oo loogu talagalay dhimista qiimaha, iyo horumarinta tignoolajiyada iyo hoos u dhigista saamiga biraha qaaliga ah ee loo isticmaalo, qiimaha unugyada shidaalka ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah hoos u dhacaya.Laakiin guud ahaan, sababtoo ah shuruudaha sare ee farsamada, way adagtahay in kharashka unugyada shidaalka si dhakhso ah hoos ugu dhacaan.Jidka US-Japan waa ay adagtahay in la koobiyeeyo Marka lagu daro baabuurta, waxaa jira wadooyin badan oo ganacsi oo loogu talagalay unugyada shidaalka.Maraykanka iyo Japan, tignoolajiyadani waxay samaysay miisaan suuqeed gaar ah iyada oo loo marayo hababka kale ee codsiga.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wariyayaashu waxay ogaadeen intii lagu jiray waraysiyada in waddooyinka ganacsi ee ay isku dayeen Maraykanka iyo Japan ay hadda adag tahay in lagu dayo gudaha, mana jiraan siyaasado dhiirigelin ah oo khuseeya.Plug, oo ah shirkad Maraykan ah oo unug shidaal ah, ayaa loo yaqaanaa saamiga labaad ee ugu weyn ka dib Tesla, qiimihiisuna wuxuu kor u kacay dhowr jeer sanadkan.Saddexdii bilood ee hore ee sanadkan, Plug waxa ay ka heshay dalab weyn Walmart oo waxa ay saxeexday heshiis adeeg oo lix sano ah si ay u bixiso unugyada shidaalka fargeetoyada korontada ee lixda xarumood ee Walmart ee Waqooyiga Ameerika.Sababtoo ah unugga shidaalku wuxuu leeyahay eber qiiq ah iyo sifooyin aan wasakh ahayn, waxay aad ugu habboon tahay isticmaalka fargeeto gudaha ah.Uma baahna lacag dallacaad wakhti dheer ah, si dhakhso ah ayaa loogu shubi karaa oo si joogto ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa, markaa waxay leedahay faa'iidooyin tartan ah.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, fargeetada unugyada shidaalka ayaan hadda laga helin Shiinaha.Hogaamiyaha Forklift gudaha Anhui Heli [-0.47% Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Maalgelinta] Zhang Mengqing, oo ah xoghayaha guddiga maamulka, ayaa u sheegay wariyeyaasha in saamiga hadda ee fargeeto koronto ee Shiinaha uu yahay mid hooseeya oo aan caan ahayn sida dibadda.Sida laga soo xigtay khubarada warshadaha, waxaa jira laba sababood oo waaweyn oo farqiga u ah: marka hore, ma jirto mamnuucid adag oo ku saabsan qiiqa hawada sare ee gudaha Shiinaha sida wadamada horumaray;labaad, shirkadaha gudaha ayaa aad ugu nugul qiimaha qalabka wax soo saarka.Sida laga soo xigtay Zhang Mengqing, "Fargeeto koronto oo gudaha ah ayaa inta badan ku salaysan baytariyada acid-ashitada, iyo baytarigu wuxuu xisaabiyaa qiyaastii 1/4 kharashka gaariga oo dhan;haddii baytariyada lithium-ka la isticmaalo, waxay ku xisaabtami karaan in ka badan 50% kharashka fargeetada."Fargeetoyada baytariga Lithium-ka waxaa weli caqabad ku ah kharashyo badan, iyo unugyada shidaalka ee qaaliga ah ayaa aad u adag in la aqbalo suuqa fargeetada gudaha.Guriga Japan oo isku dhafan kulaylka iyo nidaamka tamarta ayaa isticmaala gaaska dabiiciga ah ee gudaha ka dib markii ay u beddelaan hydrogen.Waxaa la sheegay in inta lagu jiro habka shaqada, unugga shidaalku uu dhalin doono tamar koronto iyo tamar kulayl isku mar ah.Halka kuleyliyaha unugyada shidaalka ay kulayliyaan biyaha, korontadu waxay si toos ah ugu xiran tahay shabagga korontada waxaana lagu gataa qiimo sare.Marka lagu daro kabitaanka dawladda ee waaweyn, tirada qoysaska Japan ee isticmaala noocaan oo kale kuleyliyeyaasha unugyada shidaalka ayaa gaaray in ka badan 20,000 sanadkii 2012. Sida laga soo xigtay gudaha warshadaha, inkasta oo kuleyliyaha biyaha noocan oo kale ah uu si weyn u wanaajin karo waxtarka isticmaalka tamarta, qiimihiisa ayaa aad u sarreeya. sida 200,000 yuan, mana jiro hadda wax la mid ah dib u habaynta gaaska dabiiciga ah ee Shiinaha, sidaa darteed ma buuxinayso shuruudaha warshadaynta.Isku soo wada duuboo, Suuqgeynta Unugyada Shidaalka ee dalkaygu weli ma bilaaban.Dhinaca kale, baabuurta tamarta hydrogen waxay weli ku jiraan marxaladda "baabuurka fikradda";Dhanka kale, goobaha kale ee codsiga, way ku adagtahay in unugyada shidaalka si ay u gaaraan codsiyo ballaaran iyo ganacsi muddada gaaban.Marka la eego rajada mustaqbalka ee unugyada shidaalka ee Shiinaha, Zhang Ruogu wuxuu aaminsan yahay: "Ma aha wax ku saabsan shay ka wanaagsan ama suuqa ka wanaagsan.Waa in la sheegaa in kan ku habboon uu yahay kan ugu fiican."Unugyada shidaalku waxay weli raadinayaan xalal wanaagsan.Jidka ganacsi ee ku habboon.
Waqtiga boostada: Dec-11-2023